| 126 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 126 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 628 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Assyrian calendar | 4625 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -1969–-1968 |
| Bengali calendar | -718 |
| Berber calendar | 825 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 419 |
| Burmese calendar | -763 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5383–5384 |
| Chinese calendar | 甲寅年 (2511/2571) — to —
乙卯年(2512/2572) |
| Coptic calendar | -409–-408 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -133–-132 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3635–3636 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -69–-68 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2976–2977 |
| Holocene calendar | 9875 |
| Iranian calendar | 747 BP – 746 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 770 BH – 769 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 2208 |
| Minguo calendar | 2037 before ROC 民前2037年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 418 |
Year 126 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Lepidus and Orestes (or, less frequently, year 628 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 126 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.